The death of Renée
Nicole Good in Minneapolis is tragic. A life ended suddenly and violently, and
no decent person should be indifferent to that. Almost immediately, the country
split into familiar camps, each racing to advance a narrative before the facts
had settled. As usual, nothing was learned, and tensions only rose.
The Data Tells a Story
Immigration enforcement happens in two fundamentally different ways. In cooperative jurisdictions, when local police arrest someone for an unrelated crime, ICE can lodge a detainer—a request to hold that person briefly so ICE can take custody when local charges are resolved. The transfer happens inside a jail, controlled and administrative. In non-cooperative sanctuary jurisdictions, local authorities refuse these detainers. This forces ICE to locate and arrest people in the community—at homes, workplaces, during traffic stops, and on streets. One method happens behind secure walls. The other happens in public—where crowds form, tensions escalate, and split-second decisions can turn deadly.
Through October
2025, ICE made more than 217,000 arrests in the country’s interior (Prison
Policy Initiative analysis of ICE data). In cooperative states that honor
detainers, most arrests, roughly 70% on average, occur through controlled transfers inside jails.
Tennessee handles about 75 percent this way. In Texas and Florida, roughly 65 percent.
These are administrative handovers in secure facilities—no crowds, no street
confrontations, no high-speed chases.
In sanctuary jurisdictions, the opposite is true. On average, about 30% percent of arrests come from jails, and in some cases, fewer than 10 percent. Massachusetts reports that only 7 percent of ICE arrests are made through jail transfers. New York and Oregon report roughly 9 to 11 percent and California 25%. The rest occur in communities—streets, worksites, homes, and neighborhoods. Sanctuary policies do not stop enforcement. They force it into the most dangerous settings.
Minnesota is not a statewide sanctuary jurisdiction like California or Oregon. Non-cooperation with ICE detainers and transfers is largely the result of local policies in specific cities and counties, concentrated mainly in the Minneapolis–St. Paul metro area. Many rural counties continue to cooperate with ICE, and some maintain formal enforcement agreements, demonstrating that safer, custodial enforcement methods are both possible and already in use in the state.
The risk is now increasing. Since September 2025, federal agents have fired their weapons during vehicle-related enforcement operations at least 11 times, according to The New York Times. The incidents occurred in Chicago, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, Portland, Maryland, and Phoenix — an immigrant was shot last evening while resisting arrest by ICE in Minneapolis. At least nine of the eleven occurred in sanctuary or limited-cooperation jurisdictions—precisely where enforcement has been pushed out of jails and into streets and traffic stops.
When enforcement occurs during traffic stops and street-level encounters, risk escalates quickly. Vehicles may be used—or perceived—as weapons. Decisions must be made in seconds. Add instant, context-free video and partisan storytelling, and the danger multiplies. This pattern is not a coincidence. It reflects the predictable consequences of how federal law enforcement is being forced to operate. Disrupting federal law enforcement does not stop enforcement—it only forces it into more dangerous forms. The result is more chaos, more confrontation, and more lives at risk—including the lives of the very immigrants these actions claim to protect.
Method, Not Volume
President Barack Obama conducted interior immigration enforcement at similar or higher levels than other recent administrations. Enforcement under Obama relied far more on cooperation and jail transfers than on street-level arrests. There was far less organized resistance and little public confrontation, because enforcement occurred primarily through custodial transfers rather than street arrests. The difference wasn't the volume of enforcement—it was the method and the level of organized resistance.
Why Escalation Continues
Here is what makes
this crisis so dangerous. ICE is enforcing federal law. The federal government
cannot—and will not—stop enforcing the law in jurisdictions that disagree with
it. To do so would be to surrender federal authority itself, not just on
immigration but on any issue where local resistance emerges. This is not about
any particular administration. It is about whether federal law means anything
at all. To acquiesce is to abandon the rule of law.
Many protesters
believe they are doing valuable moral work by disrupting enforcement
operations. They see themselves as the civil rights activists of our time. But
every act of obstruction forces the federal government to prove that it can
still enforce the law. The government escalates not out of cruelty, but because
backing down would invite challenges everywhere. That dynamic locks both sides
into an escalation spiral. Neither believes it can step back first.
What Needs to Happen Now
If we genuinely care
about citizens, law enforcement officers, and immigrants, we must stop pretending this is a simple
contest between good and evil.
What is needed now is an immediate de-escalation agreement with both sides acting simultaneously—not next month, not after more studies, now. Sanctuary jurisdictions must honor ICE detainers for individuals already in custody, shifting enforcement back to controlled jail transfers. In return, federal enforcement must commit publicly and unambiguously to strict prioritization: criminal convictions, serious pending charges, gang members, documented public safety threats, and final deportation orders. No more. Both sides act. Both sides get accountability. Lives get saved.
At the same time,
political leaders at every level should discourage obstruction and escalation.
Local officials should make clear that interference with lawful law enforcement operations is
unacceptable. Federal officials should commit to using proportional tactics
that prioritize safety and avoid unnecessary confrontations in the streets.
This approach shifts enforcement back to controlled custodial settings—the model already used in cooperative states. Current data shows this is feasible: roughly a quarter of ICE detainees have criminal convictions, and another quarter face pending charges. Prioritizing these cases through jail transfers already works in much of the country.
Minneapolis as a Warning
Minneapolis should
not be treated as a one-off tragedy or a political weapon. It should be
understood as a warning. If we continue to choose outrage and obstruction over
responsibility and reform, escalation will continue. More lives will be
lost—civilians, immigrants, and officers alike.
A workable model
already exists. Cooperative states prove it works. The data shows it reduces
dangerous confrontations. We do not need louder voices. We need more people willing to act like citizens in collaboration with those they may not agree with to find solutions that will save lives and prevent harm and destruction.
A Simple Ask
If you agree that endless escalation helps no one, do something constructive. At minimum share this post on your social media and email. We have to begin a conversation. That does not happen if you read this and write it off because you disagree with it or do not like the tone of my blog site. Comment and engage.
We are calling for mutual de-escalation: custodial cooperation in exchange for prioritized, safer enforcement. You do not have to agree with every detail. You only need to believe the current path is unsustainable and that compromise is better than chaos.
Editor’s Note
For readers new to my writing, this post may sound firm, but it is not sudden. The views expressed here reflect more than a decade of writing, research, and reflection on immigration, law, and moral responsibility. I have consistently tried to hold together two ideas our politics insists on pulling apart: compassion for people and respect for the rule of law. The essays listed below trace that work from early warnings to recent policy proposals.
The Push and Pull to Get to
the Border (2014) – Early warnings on incentives driving surges.
They Must Go Home to
Central America (2014) – Humane repatriation amid crisis.
Balancing Borders and
Brotherhood (2014) – The core tension.
Brotherhood and Borders
(2017) – Deeper moral
grounding.
Immigration Reform Part 1:
Necessary and Inevitable (2025) –
Why reform can no longer be avoided and must begin with restoring enforcement
credibility.
Immigration Reform Part 2:
Why We Keep Failing –
How political incentives, false compassion, and enforcement breakdowns derail
every reform effort.
Immigration Reform Part 3:
Strategic Imperatives –
The core principles required for a workable, humane, and durable immigration
system.
Immigration Reform Part 4:
From Strategy to Policy –
Translating principles into concrete enforcement, legal status, and system
reforms.
An Open Letter on the
Dignity Act of 2025 –
A measured critique of the Act’s intentions, risks, and unintended
consequences.
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